Temperature Converter
Enter a value in any field to see instant conversions across all temperature scales.
Advanced Temperature Converter
Convert between Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, Rankine, Réaumur, and more with scientific precision.
Temperature Conversion Formulas
Understanding the mathematical relationships between different temperature scales.
From Celsius
From Fahrenheit
From Kelvin
Other Conversions
Converting from Celsius
Standard formulas to convert Celsius to other temperature scales:
Celsius to Fahrenheit: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32
Celsius to Kelvin: K = °C + 273.15
Celsius to Rankine: °R = (°C + 273.15) × 9/5
Celsius to Réaumur: °Ré = °C × 4/5
Celsius to Delisle: °De = (100 - °C) × 3/2
Note: The Celsius scale was originally defined with 0°C as the freezing point of water and 100°C as the boiling point at standard atmospheric pressure.
Converting from Fahrenheit
Standard formulas to convert Fahrenheit to other temperature scales:
Fahrenheit to Celsius: °C = (°F - 32) × 5/9
Fahrenheit to Kelvin: K = (°F - 32) × 5/9 + 273.15
Fahrenheit to Rankine: °R = °F + 459.67
Fahrenheit to Réaumur: °Ré = (°F - 32) × 4/9
Fahrenheit to Delisle: °De = (212 - °F) × 5/6
Note: The Fahrenheit scale was originally defined with 32°F as the freezing point of water and 212°F as the boiling point at standard atmospheric pressure.
Converting from Kelvin
Standard formulas to convert Kelvin to other temperature scales:
Kelvin to Celsius: °C = K - 273.15
Kelvin to Fahrenheit: °F = (K - 273.15) × 9/5 + 32
Kelvin to Rankine: °R = K × 9/5
Kelvin to Réaumur: °Ré = (K - 273.15) × 4/5
Kelvin to Delisle: °De = (373.15 - K) × 3/2
Note: The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale where 0K represents absolute zero, the theoretical absence of all thermal energy.
Other Temperature Conversions
Less common but still useful temperature conversion formulas:
Rankine to Celsius: °C = (°R - 491.67) × 5/9
Rankine to Fahrenheit: °F = °R - 459.67
Réaumur to Celsius: °C = °Ré × 5/4
Réaumur to Fahrenheit: °F = °Ré × 9/4 + 32
Delisle to Celsius: °C = 100 - °De × 2/3
Delisle to Fahrenheit: °F = 212 - °De × 6/5
Historical Note: Réaumur and Delisle scales are historical temperature scales rarely used today, but understanding them provides insight into the evolution of temperature measurement.
Practical Temperature Conversion Examples
Common everyday scenarios where temperature conversion is useful.
Cooking & Baking
Converting between oven temperatures in recipes:
| Description | Celsius (°C) | Fahrenheit (°F) | Gas Mark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Very Low | 120 | 250 | 1/2 |
| Low | 150 | 300 | 2 |
| Moderate | 180 | 350 | 4 |
| Moderately Hot | 190 | 375 | 5 |
| Hot | 220 | 425 | 7 |
| Very Hot | 240 | 475 | 9 |
Medical Temperature Readings
Understanding body temperature across different scales:
| Condition | Celsius (°C) | Fahrenheit (°F) |
|---|---|---|
| Severe Hypothermia | < 28.0 | < 82.4 |
| Moderate Hypothermia | 28.0 - 32.0 | 82.4 - 89.6 |
| Mild Hypothermia | 32.0 - 35.0 | 89.6 - 95.0 |
| Normal Temperature | 36.5 - 37.5 | 97.7 - 99.5 |
| Fever | 38.0 - 39.0 | 100.4 - 102.2 |
| High Fever | 39.0 - 41.0 | 102.2 - 105.8 |
| Medical Emergency | > 41.0 | > 105.8 |
Weather & Climate
Common weather temperature conversions:
| Condition | Celsius (°C) | Fahrenheit (°F) |
|---|---|---|
| Extremely Cold | -20 | -4 |
| Freezing | 0 | 32 |
| Cold | 10 | 50 |
| Cool | 15 | 59 |
| Room Temperature | 20 | 68 |
| Warm | 25 | 77 |
| Hot | 30 | 86 |
| Very Hot | 35 | 95 |
| Extremely Hot | 40+ | 104+ |
Industrial Applications
Temperature points relevant in industrial settings:
| Material/Process | Celsius (°C) | Fahrenheit (°F) | Kelvin (K) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liquid Nitrogen | -196 | -320.8 | 77.15 |
| Dry Ice (CO₂) | -78.5 | -109.3 | 194.65 |
| Steel Melting Point | 1370 - 1510 | 2500 - 2750 | 1643 - 1783 |
| Glass Working | 870 - 1040 | 1600 - 1900 | 1143 - 1313 |
| Aluminum Melting | 660 | 1220 | 933.15 |
Temperature Conversion Examples
Explore common temperature conversions with step-by-step calculations between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.
| From | To | Calculation | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| -3.49°C | 269.66°K | -3.49°C + 273.15 = 269.66K | View full calculation |
| 297.16°K | 24.01°C | 297.16K - 273.15 = 24.01°C | View full calculation |
| -7.5°C | 18.5°F | (-7.5°C × 9/5) + 32 = 18.5°F | View full calculation |
| 418.19°K | 145.04°C | 418.19K - 273.15 = 145.04°C | View full calculation |
| 136.75°C | 278.15°F | (136.75°C × 9/5) + 32 = 278.15°F | View full calculation |
| 71.02°C | 344.17°K | 71.02°C + 273.15 = 344.17K | View full calculation |
| 250.34°K | -9.06°F | (250.34K - 273.15) × 9/5 + 32 = -9.06°F | View full calculation |
| 230.92°K | -42.23°C | 230.92K - 273.15 = -42.23°C | View full calculation |
| 23.14°C | 296.29°K | 23.14°C + 273.15 = 296.29K | View full calculation |
| 271.68°F | 406.31°K | (271.68°F - 32) × 5/9 + 273.15 = 406.31K | View full calculation |
| 103.66°C | 218.59°F | (103.66°C × 9/5) + 32 = 218.59°F | View full calculation |
| 72°F | 295.37°K | (72°F - 32) × 5/9 + 273.15 = 295.37K | View full calculation |
| 365.01°K | 197.35°F | (365.01K - 273.15) × 9/5 + 32 = 197.35°F | View full calculation |
| 283.79°F | 139.88°C | (283.79°F - 32) × 5/9 = 139.88°C | View full calculation |
| 362.39°K | 89.24°C | 362.39K - 273.15 = 89.24°C | View full calculation |
| 282.11°F | 412.1°K | (282.11°F - 32) × 5/9 + 273.15 = 412.1K | View full calculation |
| -49.75°C | -57.55°F | (-49.75°C × 9/5) + 32 = -57.55°F | View full calculation |
| 394.06°K | 120.91°C | 394.06K - 273.15 = 120.91°C | View full calculation |
| 392.16°K | 246.22°F | (392.16K - 273.15) × 9/5 + 32 = 246.22°F | View full calculation |
| 128.83°F | 326.94°K | (128.83°F - 32) × 5/9 + 273.15 = 326.94K | View full calculation |
Key Temperature Reference Points
Scientifically significant temperatures across different scales.
Physical and Chemical Temperature References
Absolute Zero
-273.15°C
-459.67°F
0K
Triple Point of Water
0.01°C
32.02°F
273.16K
Freezing Point of Water (1 atm)
0°C
32°F
273.15K
Average Human Body Temperature
37°C
98.6°F
310.15K
Boiling Point of Water (1 atm)
100°C
212°F
373.15K
Melting Point of Silver
961.8°C
1763.2°F
1234.95K
Melting Point of Gold
1064.2°C
1947.5°F
1337.35K
Surface of the Sun
5505°C
9941°F
5778.15K
Core of the Sun
15,000,000°C
27,000,000°F
15,000,273K
History of Temperature Scales
The development of temperature measurement standards throughout history.
Major Temperature Scales
- Fahrenheit (°F) - Created in 1714 by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit. Originally calibrated using a mixture of ice, water, and ammonium chloride (0°F) and average human body temperature (96°F).
- Celsius (°C) - Proposed in 1742 by Anders Celsius. Initially, Celsius used 0° for boiling point and 100° for freezing point. After his death, the scale was reversed to its current form.
- Kelvin (K) - Introduced in 1848 by Lord Kelvin (William Thomson). Based on the concept of absolute zero, with the same increment size as Celsius.
- Rankine (°R) - Created in 1859 by William John Macquorn Rankine. An absolute temperature scale using Fahrenheit degrees.
- Réaumur (°Ré) - Developed in 1730 by René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur. Set 0° as freezing point and 80° as boiling point of water.
- Delisle (°De) - Created in 1732 by Joseph-Nicolas Delisle. A backward scale with 0° representing the boiling point of water and 150° as the freezing point.